Processing, yes, data, no. An audio file of 24-bits will always load faster than an audio file of 32-bits, even if the machine is 32-bit, 64-bit, or 1024-bit and greater.
The greater the bit depth of your data, the more space it requires in memory.
In terms of processing, a 64-bit system just won’t handle a native 32-bit application. A 32-bit environment has to be emulated for it, which is why it’s slower and often much less stable. Doesn’t matter for data, though.