Patching an effects pedal into cubase

Now nothing else. What does not work, and how exactly did you do that?
Create a send, set the output to the Hardware port, that is connected to the pedal input. Assign the HW input port to a Cubase bus, set that bus as input of an audio track, set input monitoring of that track to on. The same thing you did to set up the microphones, just with a line input